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G4437_πυκνός
dik, stevig, dicht opeengepakt
Taal: Grieks

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pyknos̱,
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Lexicon G. Abbott-Smith

Voor meer informatie: G. Abbott-Smith's A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Scribner's, 1922)

πυκιός, -ή, -όν, [in LXX: Ez 31:3 A (חֹרֶשׁ H2793), III Mac 1:28 4:10, IV Mac 12:12*;] 1. close, compact, solid. 2. frequent: I Ti 5:23. Neut. pl., πυκνά, as adv., much, often: Mk 7:3 T (v.s. πυγμή), Lk 5:33. Comparat., πυκνότερον, very often or so much the oftener (v. Bl., § 44, 3n): Ac 24:26.†

Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

πυκνός, ή, όν,
  poetry also πῠκῐνός, ή, όν, both forms in Epic dialect (see. below) and Lyric poetry, Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.52 (Sup.), Bacchylides Lyricus “fragment” 1 ; Aeolic dialect πύκνος Sappho Lyrica 1.11, Alcaeus Lyricus “Supp.” 14.9 (πύκινος is uncertain reading prev. author 82) ; Trag. πυκνός, except Sophocles Tragicus in Lyric poetry, “Aj.” 1208, “Ph.” 854 ; πυκινός once in Comedy texts, Eubulus Comicus 38 (assuming variant): _Laconian dialect_ Sup. πουκότατος is corrupt in Simmias 26.17 :— close, compact.
__I of a thing with reference to the close union of its parts, close, firm, solid, πυκινὸς θώρηξ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.529; χλαῖναν πυκνὴν καὶ μεγάλην Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.521; πυκινὸν νέφος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.751 ; πυκινὸν λέχος well-stuffed, firm bed, 9.621, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.340; πυκνὸν καὶ μαλακόν Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.349; Ἁρμονίης πυκινῷ κρυφῷ Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 27.3; σπάρτα πυκνὰ ἐστραμμένα Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.7.15; π. δέμας Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 8.59 ; of a sponge, Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἑλκῶν” 2; π. ὀστοῦν Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 75b, compare Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 22 ; σάρκες Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 74e ; χρυσοῦ πυκνότερον prev. work 59b; ἔβενος Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 1.5.5; πλεύμων Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.698b; χωρία prev. work650d; πυκινὴν νάπαις Ἄζιλιν Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Apollinem” 89 ; ὁ ἐλαιὼν πυκνός ἐστι τοῖς φυτοῖς overgrown with plants, “PFay.” 113.8 (1st-2nd c.AD) ; ξοῒς χαρακτὴ π. “IG” 7.3073.104 (Lebad., 2nd c.BC) ; of a woman, thick-set, stocky, Soranus Medicus 1.34.
__I.2 narrow, constricted, οὐ διέρχεται.. ἀρκέουσα ἰκμάς.., πυκνῆς τῆς ὁδοῦ ἐούσης Hippocrates Medicus “γυναικεῖα” 1.73; πυκνοὺς ἔχουσι τοὺς πόρους τοῦ σώματος Alexander Aphrodisiensis Philosophus “Problemata - Physici et Medici Graeci Minores” 1.6.
__II of the parts of a thing, close-packed, crowded, πυκιναὶ κίνυντο φάλαγγες Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.281; τῶν δὲ στίχες ἥατο πυκναί 7.61, etc.; πυκινὸν λόχον εἷσαν 4.392, etc.(see. below 111.1); πυκνὰ καρήατα λαῶν 11.309; πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν 13.133, compare Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.480; σταυροῖσιν πυκινοῖσι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.453; σταυροὺς.. πυκνοὺς καὶ θαμέας Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.12 ; of thick plumage, πυκινὰ πτερά 5.53; πτερὰ πυκνά Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.454, 23.879 ; but πύκνα πτέρα fast-beating wings, Sappho Lyrica 1.11 (and so perhaps Homerus Epicus same places) ; frequently of thick foliage, ὕλη, λόχμη, θάμνοι, ὄζοι, ῥωπήϊα, δρυμά, πέταλα, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.320, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.439, 5.471, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.245, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.473, 10.150, 19.520; π. νέφεα Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 553 ; πυκινοῖσι λίθοισι with close-laid stones, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.212 ; πυκινοῖσι.. βελέεσσι with a thick shower of darts, 11.576; πυκνῆσιν λιθάδεσσιν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.36; τοξεύματα πολλὰ καὶ π. Herodotus Historicus 7.218 ; πυκνοῖς ὄσσοις δεδορκώς, of Argus, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 678 ; πεπλεκτανημέναι π. δράκουσιν, of the Furies, prev. author “Ch.” 1050 ; of thick-falling rain, snow, etc., πυκνῆς ἀκοῦσαι ψακάδος Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 636; πυκιναῖς δρόσοις prev. author “Aj.” 1208 (Lyric poetry); πυκνῇ νιφάδι Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1129 ; π. ῥόος a dense current, Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 100.14; π. θρίξ Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 4.6; π. τρίχες Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 321a ; δένδρεα Herodotus Historicus 4.22, compare Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.8.2; τὰ μὲν π... τὰ δὲ μανὰ κατὰ τὴν φυτείαν Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 1.8.2.
__II.b in Tactics, in close order, opposed to ἀραιός, Asclepiodotus Tacticus “Tact.” 4.1 (Sup.), Arrianus Historicus “Tactica” 11.1 (Comp.).
__II.2 of a repeated action, frequent, numerous, πυκνοὺς θεοπρόπους ἴαλλε Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 658; τῶν π. φιλημάτων prev. author “fragment” 135; ὀδύναι πυκνόταται Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 22; πυκινῶν κρεγμῶν ἀκροαζομένα Epicharmus Comicus 109 (anap.); π. ὁδοὺς ἐλθόντα Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 235 ; π. βαίνων ἤλυσιν, of a blind man, prev. author “Ph.” 844 ; ἐν πυκνῷ θεοῦ τροχῷ κυκλεῖται on the oft-revolving wheel, Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 871.1; μεταβολαὶ πυκνόταται Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 13; πνεῦμα πυκνότερον quicker breathing, prev. author “Acut.” 16; π. σφυγμὸς ἢ μανός Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.136f ; continuous, constant, φῶς “Corpus Hermeticum” 16.10; ἐρωτήμασι πυκνοῖς χρώμενοι Thucydides Historicus 7.44; ἡ.. εἰωθυῖά μοι μαντικὴ.. πάνυ πυκνὴ ἦν Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 40a; ἐπιθυμίαι π. τε καὶ σφοδραί prev. author “R.” 573e; τὰς ἐντεύξεις π. ποιεῖσθαι Isocrates Orator 1.20: with infinitive, πυκνοτέραν εἰσαφικνεῖσθαι πᾶσιν ἀνθρώποις ποιεῖν τὴν πόλιν more frequently visited by.., Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 5.1 codices
__III of artificial union, well put together, compact, strong, πυκινὸς δόμος, χηλός, θύραι, θάλαμος, κευθμῶνες (see. below Bacchylides Lyricus 111.1), Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.267, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.68, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.167, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.229, 10.283; ἀσπὶς ῥινοῖσιν πυκινή Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.804; π. δῶμα Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 17 : hence, close, concealed, πυκινὸς δόλος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.187; and so perhaps π. λόχος, see above 11.1.
__III.2 in Music, πυκνόν, τό, part of the tetrachord in which the intervals are small, defined as τὸ ἐκ δύο διαστημάτων συνεστηκὸς ἃ συντεθέντα ἔλαττον διάστημα περιέξει τοῦ λειπομένου διαστήματος ἐν τῷ διὰ τεσσάρων Aristoxenus Musicus “Harmonica” p.24M., compare Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.1135b, etc.
__IV generally, strong of its kind, sore, excessive, ἄτη Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.480; μελεδῶναι Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.516; ἄχος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.599.
__V metaphorically of the mind, shrewd, wise, πυκιναὶ φρένες 14.294, compare Alcaeus Lyricus “Supp.” 14.9, Bacchylides Lyricus same place; νόος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.461; μήδεα 3.208; βουλή 2.55; ἐφετμή 18.216; μῦθοι Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.23; ἔπος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.788 ; θυμός, βουλαί, Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.73, “I.” 7(6).8; φρήν Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 67 ; μήτιδι πυκνῇ Oracle texts cited in Herodotus Historicus 7.141, compare “IG” 3.1320: in Prose, πυκνὴ διάνοια Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 568a ; τὸ π. terseness of expression, Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 24.
__V.2 of persons, sagacious, shrewd, crafty, cunning, Σίσυφος πυκνότατος παλάμαις Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.52; κύων πυκινώτατον ἑρπετόν prev. author “fragment” 106 ; πυκινοί the wise, Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 854 (Lyric poetry); πυκνότατον κίναδος Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 430 (Lyric poetry); πυκνός τις καὶ σοφὸς γνώμην ἀνήρ Critias Philosophus, Tragicus, Elegiacus 25.12.
__B adverb πυκινῶς, and after Homerus Epicus πυκνῶς, θύραι or σανίδες πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαι close or fast shut, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.475, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.344, etc.
__B.2 sorely (see. above Aeschylus Tragicus IV), πυκινῶς ἀκαχήμενος Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.312, compare Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.95, al. ; constantly, ὅταν π. διᾴττωσι Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.22.
__B.3 sagaciously, shrewdly, π. ὑποθήσομαι Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.279, compare Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.293; πυκνῶς ἀνευρεῖν Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 438 (Lyric poetry, assuming variant).
__B.II neuter singular and plural, πυκνόν, πυκνά, πυκινόν, πυκινά as adverb, especially in the sense much, often, πήρην πυκνὰ ῥωγαλέην a much torn wallet, a wallet full of holes, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.438, 17.198; πυκινόν περ ἀχεύων 11.88; τέττιξ.. καταχεύετ᾽ ἀοιδὴν πυκνόν Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 584: in Prose, πυκνὰ ἐκπίπτει ὦμος Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 2; πυκνὰ ἀποβλέπειν Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 501b; πυκνὰ στρέφεσθαι Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.1.8; πυκνὸν ἀναπνεῖν Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1357b19 ; πυκνότερον ἰέναι, παρέρχεσθαι, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 328d, Demosthenes Orator 41.24; πυκνότερα ἐπάγειν Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 420d . adverb -οτέρως Lesbonax Grammaticus 23, “PLond.” 5.1929 (4th c.AD) : superlative πυκνότατα Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 11.11.
__B.II.2 πυκινὰ φρονεῖν (see. supr. A.V) Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.445.
__B.III poetry adverb πύκα ??, thickly, solidly, θαλάμου πύκα ποιητοῖο 1.436; π. π. δόμοιο 22.455; σάκεος π. π. Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18. 608; Λυκίων π. θωρηκτάων 12.317, compare 15.689, 739 ; πύλαι π. στιβαρῶς ἀραρυῖαι 12.454.
__B.III.2 θάλαμος πύκ᾽ ἐβάλλετο with thick-falling darts, 9.588.
__B.III.3 wisely, π. φρονεῖν prev. work 554, 14.217, 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 1.449, al. ; τρέφειν rear carefully, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.70.

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