Aantekeningen bij de Bijbel
Vragen, overdenkingen en achtergronden over de Bijbel,
welke resulteren in allerlei aantekeningen.
De paus is het hoofd van de Rooms-Katholieke Kerk. De benaming paus is afkomstig van het Grieks πάππας pappas, later gelatiniseerd tot papa, in de betekenis van vader.
Overzicht Pausen
- Petrus (32-67)
- Linus (67-76)
- Anacletus (Cletus) (76-88)
- Clement I (88-97)
- Evaristus (97-105)
- Alexander I (105-115)
- Sixtus I (115-125) Also called Xystus I
- Telesphorus (125-136)
- Hyginus (136-140)
- Pius I (140-155)
- Anicetus (155-166)
- Soter (166-175)
- Eleutherius (175-189)
- Victor I (189-199)
- Zephyrinus (199-217)
- Callistus I (217-22) Callistus and the following three popes were opposed by St. Hippolytus, antipope (217-236)
- Urban I (222-30)
- Pontain (230-35)
- Anterus (235-36)
- Fabian (236-50)
- Cornelius (251-53) Opposed by Novatian, antipope (251)
- Lucius I (253-54)
- Stephen I (254-257)
- Sixtus II (257-258)
- Dionysius (260-268)
- Felix I (269-274)
- Eutychian (275-283)
- Caius (283-296) Also called Gaius
- Marcellinus (296-304)
- Marcellus I (308-309)
- Eusebius (309 or 310)
- Miltiades (311-14)
- Sylvester I (314-35)
- Marcus (336)
- Julius I (337-52)
- Liberius (352-66) Opposed by Felix II, antipope (355-365)
- Damasus I (366-84) Opposed by Ursicinus, antipope (366-367)
- Siricius (384-99)
- Anastasius I (399-401)
- Innocent I (401-17)
- Zosimus (417-18)
- Boniface I (418-22) Opposed by Eulalius, antipope (418-419)
- Celestine I (422-32)
- Sixtus III (432-40)
- Leo I (the Great) (440-61)
- Hilarius (461-68)
- Simplicius (468-83)
- Felix III (II) (483-92)
- Gelasius I (492-96)
- Anastasius II (496-98)
- Symmachus (498-514) Opposed by Laurentius, antipope (498-501)
- Hormisdas (514-23)
- John I (523-26)
- Felix IV (III) (526-30)
- Boniface II (530-32) Opposed by Dioscorus, antipope (530)
- John II (533-35)
- Agapetus I (535-36) Also called Agapitus I
- Silverius (536-37)
- Vigilius (537-55)
- Pelagius I (556-61)
- John III (561-74)
- Benedict I (575-79)
- Pelagius II (579-90)
- Gregory I (the Great) (590-604)
- Sabinian (604-606)
- Boniface III (607)
- Boniface IV (608-15)
- Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) (615-18)
- Boniface V (619-25)
- Honorius I (625-38)
- Severinus (640)
- John IV (640-42)
- Theodore I (642-49)
- Martin I (649-55)
- Eugene I (655-57)
- Vitalian (657-72)
- Adeodatus (II) (672-76)
- Donus (676-78)
- Agatho (678-81)
- Leo II (682-83)
- Benedict II (684-85)
- John V (685-86)
- Conon (686-87)
- Sergius I (687-701) Opposed by Theodore and Paschal, antipopes (687)
- John VI (701-05)
- John VII (705-07)
- Sisinnius (708)
- Constantine (708-15)
- Gregory II (715-31)
- Gregory III (731-41)
- Zachary (741-52) Stephen II followed Zachary, but because he died before being consecrated, modern lists omit him
- Stephen II (III) (752-57)
- Paul I (757-67)
- Stephen III (IV) (767-72) Opposed by Constantine II (767) and Philip (768), antipopes (767)
- Adrian I (772-95)
- Leo III (795-816)
- Stephen IV (V) (816-17)
- Paschal I (817-24)
- Eugene II (824-27)
- Valentine (827)
- Gregory IV (827-44)
- Sergius II (844-47) Opposed by John, antipope
- Leo IV (847-55)
- Benedict III (855-58) Opposed by Anastasius, antipope (855)
- Nicholas I (the Great) (858-67)
- Adrian II (867-72)
- John VIII (872-82)
- Marinus I (882-84)
- Adrian III (884-85)
- Stephen V (VI) (885-91)
- Formosus (891-96)
- Boniface VI (896)
- Stephen VI (VII) (896-97)
- Romanus (897)
- Theodore II (897)
- John IX (898-900)
- Benedict IV (900-03)
- Leo V (903) Opposed by Christopher, antipope (903-904)
- Sergius III (904-11)
- Anastasius III (911-13)
- Lando (913-14)
- John X (914-28)
- Leo VI (928)
- Stephen VIII (929-31)
- John XI (931-35)
- Leo VII (936-39)
- Stephen IX (939-42)
- Marinus II (942-46)
- Agapetus II (946-55)
- John XII (955-63)
- Leo VIII (963-64)
- Benedict V (964)
- John XIII (965-72)
- Benedict VI (973-74)
- Benedict VII (974-83) Benedict and John XIV were opposed by Boniface VII, antipope (974; 984-985)
- John XIV (983-84)
- John XV (985-96)
- Gregory V (996-99) Opposed by John XVI, antipope (997-998)
- Sylvester II (999-1003)
- John XVII (1003)
- John XVIII (1003-09)
- Sergius IV (1009-12)
- Benedict VIII (1012-24) Opposed by Gregory, antipope (1012)
- John XIX (1024-32)
- Benedict IX (1032-45) He appears on this list three separate times, because he was twice deposed and restored
- Sylvester III (1045) Considered by some to be an antipope
- Benedict IX (1045)
- Gregory VI (1045-46)
- Clement II (1046-47)
- Benedict IX (1047-48)
- Damasus II (1048)
- Leo IX (1049-54)
- Victor II (1055-57)
- Stephen X (1057-58)
- Nicholas II (1058-61) Opposed by Benedict X, antipope (1058)
- Alexander II (1061-73) Opposed by Honorius II, antipope (1061-1072)
- Gregory VII (1073-85) Gregory and the following three popes were opposed by Guibert ("Clement III"), antipope (1080-1100)
- Blessed Victor III (1086-87)
- Blessed Urban II (1088-99)
- Paschal II (1099-1118) Opposed by Theodoric (1100), Aleric (1102) and Maginulf ("Sylvester IV", 1105-1111), antipopes (1100)
- Gelasius II (1118-19) Opposed by Burdin ("Gregory VIII"), antipope (1118)
- Callistus II (1119-24)
- Honorius II (1124-30) Opposed by Celestine II, antipope (1124)
- Innocent II (1130-43) Opposed by Anacletus II (1130-1138) and Gregory Conti ("Victor IV") (1138), antipopes (1138)
- Celestine II (1143-44)
- Lucius II (1144-45)
- Blessed Eugene III (1145-53)
- Anastasius IV (1153-54)
- Adrian IV (1154-59)
- Alexander III (1159-81) Opposed by Octavius ("Victor IV") (1159-1164), Pascal III (1165-1168), Callistus III (1168-1177) and Innocent III (1178-1180), antipopes
- Lucius III (1181-85)
- Urban III (1185-87)
- Gregory VIII (1187)
- Clement III (1187-91)
- Celestine III (1191-98)
- Innocent III (1198-1216)
- Honorius III (1216-27)
- Gregory IX (1227-41)
- Celestine IV (1241)
- Innocent IV (1243-54)
- Alexander IV (1254-61)
- Urban IV (1261-64)
- Clement IV (1265-68)
- Blessed Gregory X (1271-76)
- Blessed Innocent V (1276)
- Adrian V (1276)
- John XXI (1276-77)
- Nicholas III (1277-80)
- Martin IV (1281-85)
- Honorius IV (1285-87)
- Nicholas IV (1288-92)
- Celestine V (1294)
- Boniface VIII (1294-1303)
- Blessed Benedict XI (1303-04)
- Clement V (1305-14)
- John XXII (1316-34) Opposed by Nicholas V, antipope (1328-1330)
- Benedict XII (1334-42)
- Clement VI (1342-52)
- Innocent VI (1352-62)
- Blessed Urban V (1362-70)
- Gregory XI (1370-78)
- Urban VI (1378-89) Opposed by Robert of Geneva ("Clement VII"), antipope (1378-1394)
- Boniface IX (1389-1404) Opposed by Robert of Geneva ("Clement VII") (1378-1394), Pedro de Luna ("Benedict XIII") (1394-1417) and Baldassare Cossa ("John XXIII") (1400-1415), antipopes
- Innocent VII (1404-06) Opposed by Pedro de Luna ("Benedict XIII") (1394-1417) and Baldassare Cossa ("John XXIII") (1400-1415), antipopes
- Gregory XII (1406-15) Opposed by Pedro de Luna ("Benedict XIII") (1394-1417), Baldassare Cossa ("John XXIII") (1400-1415), and Pietro Philarghi ("Alexander V") (1409-1410), antipopes
- Martin V (1417-31)
- Eugene IV (1431-47) Opposed by Amadeus of Savoy ("Felix V"), antipope (1439-1449)
- Nicholas V (1447-55)
- Callistus III (1455-58)
- Pius II (1458-64)
- Paul II (1464-71)
- Sixtus IV (1471-84)
- Innocent VIII (1484-92)
- Alexander VI (1492-1503)
- Pius III (1503)
- Julius II (1503-13)
- Leo X (1513-21)
- Adrian VI (1522-23)
- Clement VII (1523-34)
- Paul III (1534-49)
- Julius III (1550-55)
- Marcellus II (1555)
- Paul IV (1555-59)
- Pius IV (1559-65)
- Pius V (1566-72)
- Gregory XIII (1572-85)
- Sixtus V (1585-90)
- Urban VII (1590)
- Gregory XIV (1590-91)
- Innocent IX (1591)
- Clement VIII (1592-1605)
- Leo XI (1605)
- Paul V (1605-21)
- Gregory XV (1621-23)
- Urban VIII (1623-44)
- Innocent X (1644-55)
- Alexander VII (1655-67)
- Clement IX (1667-69)
- Clement X (1670-76)
- Blessed Innocent XI (1676-89)
- Alexander VIII (1689-91)
- Innocent XII (1691-1700)
- Clement XI (1700-21)
- Innocent XIII (1721-24)
- Benedict XIII (1724-30)
- Clement XII (1730-40)
- Benedict XIV (1740-58)
- Clement XIII (1758-69)
- Clement XIV (1769-74)
- Pius VI (1775-99)
- Pius VII (1800-23)
- Leo XII (1823-29)
- Pius VIII (1829-30)
- Gregory XVI (1831-46)
- Blessed Pius IX (1846-78)
- Leo XIII (1878-1903)
- Pius X (1903-14)
- Benedict XV (1914-22)
- Pius XI (1922-39)
- Pius XII (1939-58)
- John XXIII (1958-63)
- Paul VI (1963-78)
- John Paul I (1978)
- John Paul II (1978-2005)
- Benedict XVI (2005-2013)
- Francis (2013—)
Folklore
Sinds de reformatie werd de getalwaarde 666 ook gezien als chronogram in de Latijnse woorden VICARIUS FILII DEI ("Plaatsvervanger van Gods Zoon"), wat een paustitel zou zijn geweest. Voor het eerst kwam dit voor in de Donatio Constantini, welke men tegenwoordig als een vervalsing beschouwd (Christopher B. Coleman, Lorenzo Valla, Discourse on the Forgery of the Alleged Donation of Constantine, [1922]), later zijn we dit terug in het boek van Helwig (Andreas Helwig, Antichristus Romanus [1612]). In werkelijkheid is de titel Vicarius Christi "Plaatsvervanger van Christus" (het woord vicarius kan men beter vertalen met "vertegenwoordiger" of "representant", denk aan het Engels vicar "dominee").
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