G846_αὐτός
hij zelf, zij zelf, hetzelf, hij, zij, het, dezelfde
Taal: Grieks

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autos, persoonlijk voornaamwoord, van het voorvoegsel au [misschien verwant aan de grondvorm van αηρ G00109,  via het idee van een raadselachtige wind] (achterwaarts);


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Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

αὐτός
  (Cretan dialect ἀϝτός “GDI” 4976, al.), αὐτή, αὐτό (also αὐτόν “Leg.Gort.” 3.4, al.) , reflexive pronoun, self:—in oblique cases used for the personal pronoun, him, her, it:—with Article, ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same.
__I self, myself, thyself, etc., accusative to the person of the Verb: frequently joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (see. below 10),
__I.1 one's true self, the soul, not the body, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.602 ; reversely, body, not soul, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.4 ; oneself, as opposed to others who are less prominent, as king to subject, 6.18; Zeus to other gods, 8.4; bird to young, 2.317 ; man to wife and children, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.265 ; warrior to horses, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.466 , or to weapons, 1.47 ; shepherd to herd, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.167, compare Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.51; Trojans to allies, 11.220 ; seamen to ships, 7.338 : generally, whole to parts, prev. work 474; so later ἡ σίδη καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ τὰ φύλλα Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 4.10.7, compare Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Atheniensium” 1.19, Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 511e, etc.; αὐτή τε Μανδάνη καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσα Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.1; αὐ. τε καὶ τὰ ποιήματα βουλόμενος ἐπιδεῖξαι Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398a : absolutely, the Master, as in the Pythagoras Philosophus phrase Αὐτὸς ἔφα, Latin Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος..;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 218 ; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν prev. work 219; ἀνοιγέτω τις δώματ᾽· Αὐτὸς ἔρχεται the Master, prev. author “fragment” 268, compare Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314d, Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 2.4, Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 41: αὐ. ἀϋτεῖ Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 24.50: neut., αὐτὸ σημανεῖ the result will show, Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 623; αὐτὸ δηλώσει Demosthenes Orator 19.157; αὐτὰ δηλοῖ Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 329b; αὐτὸ διδάξει prev. work 324a ; especially αὐτὸ δείξει Cratinus Comicus 177, Plato Philosophus “Hp.Ma.” 288b, compare “Tht.” 200e; in full, τάχ᾽ αὐτὸ δείξει τοὔργον Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 388; τοὔργον τάχ᾽ αὐτὸ δείξει Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 375; reduplicate, αὐτός θ᾽ ὁ χρήσας αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ μαρτυρῶν Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 798 ; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under.., Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.615 ; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Lysias Orator 12.12 ; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.7.7; αὐτὸ ὃ μάλιστα ἔδει ῥηθῆναι Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 362d ; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Thucydides Historicus 2.3 ; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.5.7; αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα καὶ ἀναγκαῖα Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 23 ; even, οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ᾽ αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.451; εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν 2.597. —In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the Art. and substantive, or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The Article is sometimes omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals, αὐτὸς Μένων Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.1.5; αὐτὸς βασιλεύς prev. work 1.7.11.
__I.2 of oneself, of one's own accord, ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτω Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.254; σπεύδοντα καὶ αὐτὸν ὀτρύνεις 8.293; καταπαύσομεν· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ παυέσθων Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.168; ἥξει γὰρ αὐτά Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 341 ; also, in person, τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν.. αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέον Demosthenes Orator 1.2.
__I.3 by oneself or itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although alone, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.99 ; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ᾽, i.e. without a mother, 5.880, compare Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 924; ἀνακομισθῆναι αὐτὸν ἐς Φάληρον by himself, Herodotus Historicus 5.85 ; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are by ourselves, i.e. among friends, Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 504, compare “Th.” 472, Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 137b, Herodas Mimographus 6.70, Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.755c, Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 10.2; αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσι.. ἢ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.7; ἄνευ τοῦ σίτου τὸ ὄψον αὐτὸ ἐσθίειν prev. author “Mem.” 3.14.3; τὸν τρίβωνα ὃν αὐτὸν φορεῖ Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 22.13 (probably) ; αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these and no others, Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 21.13, al.: strengthened, αὐτὸς κτήσατο οἶος himself alone, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.450 ; αὐτὸς μόνος, see at {μόνος} II; αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτόν, see at {ἑαυτοῦ}.
__I.4 in Philosophy, by or in itself, of an abstract concept or idea, δίκαιον αὐτό Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 65d; αὐτὸ τὸ ἕν prev. author “Prm.” 143a, al., compare Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 997b8: neut., αὐτό is frequently in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders, οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ᾽ αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσεις Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 363a; less frequently with Art., τί ποτ᾽ ἐστὶν αὐτὸ ἡ ἀρετή prev. author “Prt.” 360e ; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ ο; prev. author “Smp.” 199d ; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν the ideal, abstract brother, prev. passagee: later, in _composition_, αὐτοαγαθόν, αὐτοάνθρωπος, etc. (which see),compare Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1040b33 ; less frequently agreeing with the substantive, ἵνα αὐτὴ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν κριθείη Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 612c, etc.; doubled, ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος μανθάνειν αὐτήν τε αὐτήν, εἰ καλῶς εἴκασται its very self, prev. author “Cra.” 439a.
__I.5 in dative with substantive, in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre in hand, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.194 ; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet and all, 14.498, compare Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.118; αὐτῷ σὺν ἄγγει Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 32, compare “Hipp.” 1213; also without σύν, αὐτῇ κεν γαίῃ ἐρύσαι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.24: so frequently in Prose and Poetry, αὐτοῖς ἀνδράσι men and all, Herodotus Historicus 6.93 ; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies and all, Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 223 (Lyric poetry); αὐτοῖς μελάθροις διακναιομένους Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 164: with Art., αὐτοῖσι τοῖσι ἱματίοισι ἀπ᾽ ὦν ἔβαψε ἑωυτόν Herodotus Historicus 2.47; αὐτοῖσι τοῖς πόρπαξι Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 849, etc.; αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἵπποις κατακρημνισθῆναι Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.7.
__I.6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, Thucydides Historicus 1.46, compare 8.35, Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.2.17, NT.Rev.17.11, etc.:—αὐτός always being the chief person.
__I.7 frequently coupled with οὗτος, τοῦτ᾽ αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθέν Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 267c, etc.; αὐτὸ τοῦτο μόνον prev. author “Grg.” 500b; also λεγόντων ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν.. αὐτὰ δὲ τάδε Thucydides Historicus 1.139; πόλεις ἄλλας τε καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ Βυζάντιον Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.1.27 ; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα.. Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 310e.
__I.8 καὶ αὐτός himself too, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.73, 14.45, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.5.9, etc.
__I.9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis, αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν.. αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσεν Lysias Orator 12.68, compare Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 350, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.2.4.
__I.10 in connexion with the person. pronoun, ἐγὼν αὐτός Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.194; σέθεν αὐτοῦ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.312; νωΐτερον αὐτῶν 15.39 (always divisim in Homerus Epicus) ; followed by an enclitic pronoun, αὐτόν μιν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.244; so αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ Προμηθέως Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 86; also αὐτὸς ἔγωγε Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 59b, etc.:— after Homerus Epicus in the oblique cases αὐτός coalesces with the Pron., ἐμαυτοῦ, σεαυτοῦ (these not in Alcaeus Lyricus or Sappho Lyrica, Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 80.10 ff.), ἑαυτοῦ, etc. (which see).
__I.10.b with person. pronoun omitted, αὐτός.. ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.252 ; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν, 24.503; αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ᾽ ἀφραδίῃσιν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.27; in 2.33 οἱ αὐτῷ is simply a strengthened form of ο; and so in Attic dialect, when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. pronoun, compare Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.2.25 with 6.1.14.
__I.10.c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness, αὐτὸς καθ᾽ αὑτοῦ Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 406 ; αὐτοὶ ὑφ᾽ αὑτῶν prev. work 194; αὐτοὶ καθ᾽ αὑτούς Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.4; αὐτὸ καθ᾽ αὑτό Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 201e ; sometimes between the Article and reflexive pronoun, τοῖς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πήμασιν βαρύνεται Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 836, compare “Pr.” 762; τούς γ᾽ αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πολεμίους Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1132: also κατ᾽ αὐτὺ (Boeot. for αὐτοὶ) αὐτῶν “IG” 7.3172.121 (Orchom. Boeot.).
__I.10.d αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶν with possessive pronoun, πατρὸς κλέος ἠδ᾽ ἐμὸν αὐτοῦ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.446; θρῆνον.. ἐμὸν τὸν αὐτῆς Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1323; ἐχθρὸς ὢν τοῖς σοῖσιν αὐτοῦ Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 416 ; τοῖς οἷσιν αὐτοῦ prev. work 1248; αὐτῶν σφετέρῃσιν ἀτασθαλίῃσιν Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.7; τοῖς ἡμετέροις αὐτῶν φίλοις Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.1.29.
__I.10.e αὐτὸς ἑαυτοῦ with comparative and superlative adjective, αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ ῥέει πολλῷ ὑποδεέστερος Herodotus Historicus 2.25; τῇ εὐρυτάτη ἐστὶ αὐτὴ ἑωυτῆς prev. author 1.203.
__I.11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός, the same, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.225, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.107, 16.138, Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.1 (never in Trag.) , and in later Prose, αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραις “IG” 14.966 (2nd c.AD),cf. NT.Luke.23.12.
__I.12 comparative αὐτότερος Epicharmus Comicus 5 : superlative αὐτότατος his very self, Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 83: neut. pl. αὐτότατα uncertain in Philodemus Philosophus “de Pietate - Herkulanische Studien” 80 . adverb, comparative αὐτοτέρως Galenus Medicus 18(2).431.
__II he, she, it, for the simple pronoun of 3 person, only in oblique cases (except in later Gk., NT.Luke.4.15, etc.), and rarely first in a sentence, Plato Philosophus “Laches” 194e, and later, NT.Eph.2.10, etc.: rare in Epic dialect, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.204 (where Herodianus Grammaticus treated it as enclitic) , and mostly emphatic, prev. work 14.457, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.388 ; so in Trag., Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 421 : in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence, ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα.. οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαι Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.7; πειράσομαι τῷ πάππῳ.. συμμαχεῖν αὐτῷ prev. author “Cyr.” 1.3.15; ἄνδρα δὴ.. εἰ ἀφίκοιτο εἰς τὴν πόλιν, προσκυνοῖμεν ἂν αὐτόν Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398a ; after a Relative, ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται.. ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.218; οὓς μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησαν Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6. 4.9, compare 1.9.29 ; especially where a second Verb requires a change of case in the pronoun, οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι.. ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναι prev. author “An.” 2.5.27; ἐκεῖνοι οἷς οὐκ ἐχαρίζονθ᾽ οἱ λέγοντες οὐδ᾽ ἐφίλουν αὐτούς Demosthenes Orator 3.24; in subdivisions, ὅσοι.. οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν.. Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.1.1, compare Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 168e ; later, pleonastically after a Relative, ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν Callimachus Epicus “Epigrammata” 43, cf. NT.Luke.3.16, NT.Rev.7.2, etc.: in Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 316 αὐτοῖς is emphatic 'in their own persons'.
__III with Article ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and Attic dialect contraction αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 734 with 325, and in Prose to avoid hiatus): gen. ταὐτοῦ, dat. ταὐτῷ, plural neuter ταὐτ; Ionic dialect ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—the very one, the same, rare in Homerus Epicus, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.391, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.55, 326; ὁ αὐ. εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ Thucydides Historicus 3.38, compare 5.75; ἐπὶ τὸ αὐ. αἱ γνῶμαι ἔφερον prev. author 1.79 : with dative, to denote sameness or agreement, especially in Prose, τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομεν Herodotus Historicus 4.119; τὸν αὐτὸν χῶρον ἐκλιπὼν ἐμοί Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 543 ; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ the same as the stone, Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 298a ; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be in the place with.., Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.27 ; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person meet one, prev. work 30, compare Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 210; κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῷ Νείλῳ Herodotus Historicus 2.20; τῇ αὐτῇ.. καί prev. author 4.109; τὴν αὐτὴν διάνοιαν καὶ κατ᾽ ἐκείνην ἡλικίαν Isocrates Orator 5.83; ὁ αὐτός.. ὥσπερ Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 86a; ἐς ταὐτὸν ἀλλήλοις face to face, Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 2.5a0.
__III.2 in later Greek, the said, the above-named, Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ. “PLille” 23.8 (3rd c.BC), etc.
__IV Adverbial phrases:
__IV.1 αὐτὸ μόνον simply, merely, Philo Judaeus 2.252, etc.; αὐ. μόνον ἐργάτης Lucianus Sophista “Somn.” 9; αὐ. μόνον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς φωνῆς Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 22.20.
__IV.2 αὐτό as adverb, ={ἄρτι}, “epigram Gr.” 540.1 (from Thrace).
__IV.3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as adverb, “PGrenf.” 1.114 (2nd c.BC), NT.2Pet.1.5; τῆς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κινουμένης σφαίρας Iamblichus Philosophus “de communi mathematica scientia” 17.
__IV.4 with Preps., ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό added together, making a total, PLond. 2.196.37 (2nd c.AD) ; κατὰ τὸ αὐτό together, at the same time, NT.Acts.14.1, etc.; but κατ᾽ αὐτό just then, Herodianus Grammaticus 1.12.3.
__V In Compos.:
__V.1 of or by oneself, self-.., as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.
__V.2 hence, as a second self, very.., bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.
__V.3 in the abstract, the ideal, see above 1.4.
__V.4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.
__V.5 rarely with reflexive sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.
__V.6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος.
__V.7 by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., see the respective Arts.

Synoniemen en afgeleide woorden

Grieks ἀήρ G109 "lucht, atmosfeer"; Grieks αὐθάδης G829 "eigenzinnig, koppig"; Grieks αὐθαίρετος G830 "vrijwillig, eigen keuze"; Grieks αὐθεντέω G831 "regeren, heerschappij uitoefenen"; Grieks αὐτάρκης G842 "tevreden zijn"; Grieks αὐτοκατάκριτος G843 "veroordeeld (door zichzelf)"; Grieks αὐτόματος G844 " automatisch, gedachten (door eigen)"; Grieks αὐτόπτης G845 " ooggetuige"; Grieks αὐτοῦ G847 "op die plaats, daar, hier"; Grieks αὑτοῦ G848 "hemzelf, haarzelf, hetzelve"; Grieks αὐτόχειρ G849 "zelf doen"; Grieks οὗτος G3778 "deze, dit"; Grieks παραυτίκα G3910 "dadelijk, ogenblikkelijk"; Grieks ταὐτά G5024 "zelfs, zo, dezelfde manier"; Grieks φίλαυτος G5367 "liefde voor zichzelf, zelfzuchtig"; Grieks ὡσαύτως G5615 "";

Literatuur


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