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G1893_ἐπεί
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epei,
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Lexicon G. Abbott-Smith

Voor meer informatie: G. Abbott-Smith's A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (New York: Scribner's, 1922)

ἐπεί conj. (ἐπί, εἰ), when, since; 1. of time, when, after: Lk 7:1 (Rec., WH, mg.). 2. Of cause, since, because: Mt 18:32 21:46 27:6, Mk 15:42, Lk 1:34, Jo 13:29 19:31, Ac 13:46 (Rec., WH, mg.), I Co 14:12, II Co 11:18 13:3, He 5:2, 11 6:13 9:17 11:11; ἐ. οὖν, He 2:14 4:6. With ellipsis, otherwise, else: Ro 11:6, 22, He 9:26; ἐ. ἄρα, I Co 5:10 7:14; introducing a question, Ro 3:6, I Co 14:16 15:29, He 10:2 (cf. IV Mac 1:33 2:7 2:10 Mac 4:24, 26).†

Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon

Voor meer informatie: Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon (1940)

ἐπεί,
  conjunction, both temporal and causal; also ἐπειδή, ἐπείτε. OF TIME (ἐπειδή is more frequently in this sense in Prose), after that, since, when, from Homerus Epicus downwards:
__I with Ind.,
__I.1 of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly with aorist, ἐπεί π᾽ εὔξαντο after they had prayed, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.458; ἐπειδὴ ἐτελεύτησε Δαρεῖος καὶ κατέστη Ἀρταξέρξης after Demosthenes Orator had died and Aeschylus Tragicus had succeeded, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.3 : rarely with imperfect, ἐπειδὴ εἱστιώμεθ᾽ Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1354; ἐ. πόντον εἰσεβάλλομεν Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 260; ἐ. ἠσθένει Δαρεῖος Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.1: with pluperfect, ἐπειδὴ ἐξηπάτησθε.. after you had been deceived.., Demosthenes Orator 18.42 ; but generally the aorist is found, the pluperfect being used only for special emphasis: with imperfect to express an action not yet complete, ἐπεὶ ὑπηντίαζεν ἡ φάλαγξ καὶ ἡ σάλπιγξ ἐφθέγξατο after the phalanx began to advance and the trumpet had sounded, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.5.27.
__I.2 with implied reference to some later time, ἐ. or ἐπειδή, ={ἐξ οὗ}, from the time when, since, mostly with aorist, πολλὰ πλάγχθη, ἐ. ἔπερσε Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.2 ; ἐπείτε παρέλαβον τὸν θρόνον, τοῦτο ἐφρόντιζον ever since I came to the throne, I had this in mind, Herodotus Historicus 7.8. ; ἐπειδήπερ ὑπέστη Thucydides Historicus 8.68; δέκατον μὲν ἔτος τόδ᾽ ἐ... ἦραν Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 40: sometimes with present (used in perfect sense) and perfect, ἐ. δὲ φροῦδός ἐστι στρατός since the army is gone, Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 15 ; ἐπείτε ὑπὸ τῷ Πέρσῃ εἰσί, πεπόνθασι τοιόνδε ever since they have been, now that they are.., Herodotus Historicus 3.117.
__II with Subj., ἄν being always added in Attic dialect Prose, and ἄν or κε generally in Poetry: ἐπεί with ἄν becomes ἐπήν (so in Comedy texts, Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 1175, “Av.” 983), later ἐπάν (which see) , Ionic dialect ἐπεάν “Schwyzer” 800 (6th c.BC), Herodotus Historicus 3.153, al., ἐπήν Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀγμῶν” 6, al., and ἐπειδή with ἄν ἐπειδάν (which see); Homerus Epicus has ἐπεί κε, ἐπήν (once ἐπεὶ ἄν Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.412):
__II.1 referring to future time with future apodosis, τέκνα ἄξομεν.. ἐπὴν πτολίεθρον ἕλωμεν when we shall have taken the city, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.238; ἐ. κ᾽ ἀπὸ λαὸς ὄληται 11.764. compare Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.23; ἐπεάν περ ἡμίονοι τέκωσι, τότε τὸ τεῖχος ἁλώσεσθαι Herodotus Historicus 3.153 ; ταῦτ᾽, ἐπειδὰν περὶ τοῦ γένους εἴπω, τότ᾽ ἐρῶ I will speak of this, when I have spoken.., Demosthenes Orator 57.16, compare Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.29; ἐ. ἂν σύ γε πότμον ἐπίσπῃς Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.412 ; χρὴ δέ, ὅταν μὲν τιθῆσθε τοὺς νόμους,.. σκοπεῖν, ἐπειδὰν δὲ θῆσθε, φυλάττειν whenever you are enacting your laws,.. and after you have enacted them.., Demosthenes Orator 21.34.
__II.2 of repeated action, with a present apodosis, whenever, when once, δαμνᾷ, ἐ. κε λίπῃ ὀστέα θυμός Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.221, compare Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.409 ; ἐπειδὰν ἡ ἐκφορὰ ᾖ.. ἄγουσι whenever the burial takes place they bring, Thucydides Historicus 2.34 ; ἐπειδὰν κρύψωσι γῇ.. λέγει when they have covered them with earth, prev. passage: sometimes without ἄν or κε in Poets, ἐ. ἂρ βλέφαρ᾽ ἀμφικαλύψῃ Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.86; ἐ. δὴ τόν γε δαμάσσεται.. ὀϊστός Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.478, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1225 (Lyric poetry), “Ant.” 1025.
__II.3 like Aeschylus Tragicus 1.2, δέκα ἡμερῶν ἐπειδὰν δόξῃ within ten days from the passing of the resolution, “IG” 12.88.7.
__III with Opt. (without ἄν):
__III.1 referring to future time, ἐπειδὴ πρὸς τὸ φῶς ἔλθοι, ὁρᾶν οὐδ᾽ ἂν ἓν δύνασθαι (i.e. οὐκ οἴει); after he had come into the light.., Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 516a: Homerus Epicus sometimes uses ἐπήν with opt. in same sense as ἐπεί, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.227, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.105 (codices), etc.
__III.2 more frequently of repeated action, with a past apodosis, ἐ. ζεύξειεν.., δησάσκετο Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.14; ἐπειδὴ δέ τι ἐμφάγοιεν, ἀνίσταντο Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.5.9; ἐ. πύθοιτο, ἐπῄνει prev. author “Cyr.” 5.3.55, compare Thucydides Historicus 8.38, Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 59d, “Prt.” 315b.
__III.3 in indirect speech after past tenses, representing a subjunctive in direct speech, αὐτὸς δὲ ἐπεὶ διαβαίης, ἀπιέναι ἔφησθα (the direct form being ἐπὴν διαβῶ) Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.2.27, compare 3.5.18, “Cyr.” 1.4.21 ; after optative in a final clause, ἐπορεύοντο, ὅπως ἐπειδὴ γένοιντο ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ.. ἴοιεν Thucydides Historicus 7.80.
__III.4 by assimilation to optative in principal clause, ἦ τ᾽ ἂν.. νῦν μὲν ἀνώγοιμι πτολεμίζειν.. ἐπὴν τεισαίμεθα λώβην Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.208; ὃς τὸ καταβρόξειεν ἐπεὶ κρητῆρι μιγείη Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.222.
__III.5 ἐπειδάν with optative is falsa lectio in some passages of early authors, as Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.11, Demosthenes Orator 30.6 (with ind., Polybius Historicus 13.7.8) : found in later Gr., Agathias Historicus et Epigrammaticus 2.5, al., Zosimus Epigrammaticus 5.18.10.
__IV with Inf., only in indirect speech, ἐπειδὴ δὲ κατὰ σχολὴν σκέψασθαι, κόπτεσθαι (i.e. ἔφη) Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 619c, compare “Smp.” 174d, Herodotus Historicus 4.10, 7.150.
__V with other words:
__V.1 ἐ. τάχιστα as soon as, frequently separated by a word, ἐ. ἦλθε τάχιστα,.. ἀπέδοτο Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 7.2.6; ἐ. δὲ τάχιστα διέβη prev. author “Cyr.” 3.3.22; ἐ. θᾶττον Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1284a40; ἐ. εὐθέως Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.2.4; ἐ... αὐτίκα Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.35; ἐπειδὴ τάχιστα Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 310c, Demosthenes Orator 27.16; ἐπειδὰν τάχιστα Herodotus Historicus 8.144, Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.9; rarely ἐπειδὴ θᾶττον Demosthenes Orator 37.41; ἐπειδὰν θᾶττον Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 325c.
__V.1.b ἐ. τὰ πρῶτα Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.420; ἐ. τὸ πρῶτον Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1287.
__V.2 with emphatic Particles, ἐπεὶ ἄρα when then, in continuing a narrative, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.426 ; ἐπεὶ οὖν when then, in resuming a narrative, 1.57, 3.4; ἐπεὶ ὦν Herodotus Historicus 3.9; ἐπεὶ γὰρ δή prev. author 9.90, etc.
__B CAUSAL (ἐπεί more frequently in this sense in early Prose: ἐπειδή whereas is used in preambles of decrees, “IG” 22.103, etc.; ἐπειδήπερ inasmuch as, NT.Luke.1.1), since, seeing that, frequently from Homerus Epicus downwards:
__B.1 with Ind. (after both present and past tenses), ἐ. οὐδὲ ἔοικε Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.119, compare 153, 278, Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.16, Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.3.4; ἐπειδή Thucydides Historicus 8.80; ἐπειδὴ οὐκ ἐθέλεις Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c; νίκη δ᾽ ἐπείπερ ἕσπετ᾽, ἐμπέδως μένοι Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 854 ; frequently with past tenses with ἄν, ἐπεὶ οὔποτ᾽ ἂν στόλον ἐπλεύσατ᾽ ἄν Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1037; ἐπεὶ οὔ κεν ἀνιδρωτί γ᾽ ἐτελέσθη Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.228, compare Demosthenes Orator 18.49 ; οὐ γὰρ ἂν σθένοντά γε εἷλέν μ᾽· ἐπεὶ οὐδ᾽ ἂν ὧδ᾽ ἔχοντ᾽ (i.e. εἷλεν) Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 948 : especially in the sense, for otherwise.., Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.29, Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 433, Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.7.14, Herodas Mimographus 2.72, etc.: so with future, ἐξέστω δὲ μηδενὶ.. τεθῆναι.., ἐ. ἀποδώσει.. otherwise he shall pay.., “Rev.Et.Anc.” 4.261 (near Smyrna): with imper., ἐ. δίδαξον for teach me, Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 352, “OC” 969, compare “OT” 390, Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 73, Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 473e : with an interrogative, ἐ. πῶς ἂν καλέσεια; for how would you call him? Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 688, compare Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 7.5, Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 214, Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 139 (Lyric poetry); ὦ Ἀλκιβιάδη, ἐπειδὴ περὶ τίνος Ἀθηναῖοι διανοοῦνται βουλεύεσθαι, ἀνίστασαι συμβουλεύσω; Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.106c.
__B.2 with Opt., ἐ. ἂν μάλα τοι σχεδὸν ἔλθοι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.304, compare Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 916 ; so after past tenses on the principle of indirect speech, ἐπείπερ ἡγήσαιντο since (as they said) they believed, Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.4.19.
__B.3 with Inf. in indirect speech, ἐ. γιγνώσκειν γε αὐτά Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 353a, compare Herodotus Historicus 8.111, Thucydides Historicus 2.93.
__B.4 in elliptical expressions, ἀδύνατός εἰμι, ἐ. ἐβουλόμην ἂν οἷός τ᾽ εἶναι I am unable (and yet I am sorry), for I should like to have the power, Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c ; so εἶμι· ἐ. καὶ ταῦτ᾽ ἂν ἴσως οὐκ ἀηδῶς σου ἤκουον prev. passage (here the sense may be given by and yet, although, compare prev. work 333c, 317a, “Ap.” 19e, “Smp.” 187a, Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1121a19) ; ἐ. ὅ γε ἀποθανὼν πελάτης τις ἦν ἐμός and yet (moreover) the murdered man was my own hired man, Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 4c.
__B.4.b sometimes after a vocative, where 'listen' may be supplied, Ἕκτορ, ἐ. με κατ᾽ αἶσαν ἐνείκεσας Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.59, compare 13.68, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.103, 211.
__B.5 with other Particles, ἐ. ἄρα, ἐ. ἂρ δή since then, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.185 ; ἐ. γε (ἐπεί.. γε Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.352, Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 171), more emphatic than ἐ., since indeed, Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 181, “Hipp.” 955 ; ἐπειδή γε prev. work 946, Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 77d, Demosthenes Orator 54.29; sometimes separated, ἐπειδή.. γε Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 631, Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 87c; ἐ. γε δή Herodotus Historicus 3.9, Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 923, ἐπειδή γε καί Thucydides Historicus 6.18 ; ἐ. ἦ since in truth, ἐ. ἦ πολὺ φέρτερόν ἐστι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.169, compare 156, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.276 ; ἐπείπερ (ἐ... περ Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.447, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.181) in Trag. and Prose, Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 822, Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 75, Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 114d ; ἐπειδήπερ in Comedy texts and Prose, Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 437, 495, “Nu.” 1412, Thucydides Historicus 6.18, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 350e ; ἐ. τοι since surely, Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 433; ἐ. νύ τοι Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.416; ἐ. τοι καί Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 677, Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 567e. ἐ. sometimes begins a verse in Homerus Epicus, Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.379, Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.13, 8.452, 21.25 ; sometimes coalesces by synizesis with οὐ, οὐδέ, etc., Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 446, 948, etc.

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